Nayereh Sadat Hosseini; Soheil Sobhan Ardakani
Abstract
Background and Aim: Road transportation is one of the most important and main sources of metal pollution, which has turned roadside ecosystems into metal sensitive areas. Therefore, this study was conducted to analysis and source identification of Zn, Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ni in the surface soils ...
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Background and Aim: Road transportation is one of the most important and main sources of metal pollution, which has turned roadside ecosystems into metal sensitive areas. Therefore, this study was conducted to analysis and source identification of Zn, Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ni in the surface soils along some roads in Hamedan Township in 2019.Materials & Methods: In this study, a total of 63 surface soil samples were collected along 700 m from a 9 km section of Goltepe (G), Razan (R) and Kermanshah (K) roads. After preparing soil samples, the contents of elements were determined using ICP-OES. The enrichment contamination severity index (CSI) was also calculated. All statistical analyses of the obtained data were performed using SPSS software.Results: The highest amounts of all the analyzed elements were found in the samples collected from the R site with 122, 0.320, 1.92, 17.3, 334 and 22.2 mg/kg for Zn, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, and Ni, respectively, and from K site with 26.4 and 25.0 mg/kg for Pb and Cu, respectively, showing the effect of traffic volume. The values of the CSI index showed the acceptable quality of the soil in the studied sites. Also, the results of multivariate statistical analyzes (PCC, PCA and HCA) showed that Mn in roadside soils is probably caused by soil raw materials and exhaust emissions. While the origin of Zn, Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu and Ni emission was mainly from non-exhaust sources (such as wear of brakes, tires, engines and lubricating oil).Conclusion: The findings were indicated the impact of traffic activities on soil contamination with heavy metal in the study areas; therefore, regular and periodic monitoring of soil samples is recommended to control of emission sources of pollutants in order to maintain the health of ecosystems and humans.
Nastaran Aghelan; Soheil Sobhan Ardakani; Mehrdad Cheraghi; Bahareh Lorestani
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Phytoremediation is a new technology forremediation of contaminated soils, this study was conducted to evaluationof efficiency of EDTA, citric acid and salicylic acid chelating agents inphytoremediation enhancing of Amaranthus caudatus and Tagetes patula forelimination of Cr(III) ...
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Background and Purpose: Phytoremediation is a new technology forremediation of contaminated soils, this study was conducted to evaluationof efficiency of EDTA, citric acid and salicylic acid chelating agents inphytoremediation enhancing of Amaranthus caudatus and Tagetes patula forelimination of Cr(III) and Cu(II) from contaminated soils in 2018.Material and Methods: After soil pots contaminating by 50 and 100 (mg/kg)K2Cr2O7 and 200 and 400 (mg/kg) CuSO4 salts, and 2.5 (mmol/kg) of EDTAand citric acid (CA) and 2.0 (mmol/kg) of salicylic acid (SA) solution treating,the cultured seedlings were harvested after 60 days. Then, after seedlingsdigestion, Cr and Cu contents were determined using ICP-OESResults: Based on the results obtained, the maximum contents of Cr (mg/kg) in cultivated soil, root and stem samples of A. caudatus were 2.40, 5.18and 1.86 were found in the SA, EDTA and EDTA treatments, respectively andin T. patula with 2.74, 6.00 and 1.30 were found to be in the SA, EDTA andEDTA treatments, respectively. Also, the maximum contents of Cu (mg/kg)in cultivated soil, root and stem samples of A. caudatus with 6.74, 3.77 and3.34 were found to be in the SA, SA and EDTA treatments, respectively andin T. patula with 6.65, 3.45 and 9.50 were found to be in the SA, EDTA andEDTA treatments, respectively. On the other hand, translocation (TF) andbioconcentration (BCF) factors of A. caudatus both were greater than 1 insoils with 100 mg/kg added K2Cr2O7 containing CA, which indicates that thisspecies can be known as hyperaccumulator of CrConclusion: In conclusion, concerning to the considerable role of organic acidsin soil refining electrokinetic and phytoremediation efficiency enhancing,using of these soil amendment agents is recommended to cleanup ofcontaminated soil with heavy metals
Azim Rabiei Mesbah; Soheil Sobhan Ardakani; Mehrdad Cheraghi; Bahareh Lorestani
Abstract
Background and Aim: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a large group of ubiquitous environmental pollutants with teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic potential, which are products of incomplete combustion and pyrolysis of fossil fuels and combustion of organic matter. This study was performed to ...
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Background and Aim: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a large group of ubiquitous environmental pollutants with teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic potential, which are products of incomplete combustion and pyrolysis of fossil fuels and combustion of organic matter. This study was performed to determine and identify the origin, concentration and source of PAHs compounds in surface soils of industrial areas, Hamedan, Iran, in 2021.Material and Methods: In this descriptive study, 36 surface soil specimens were collected from 12 sampling sites of industrial areas. After extraction of analytes based on the soxhlet method, the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method was used for the determination of PAHs compounds in the samples. Molecular diagnostic ratios (MDRs) were used to determine the origin of PAH compounds. Furthermore, the amounts of pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and total organic carbon (TOC) parameters of soil samples were measured. Statistical data processing was performed using SPSS statistics 20 software. Results: The results showed that the total concentrations of 16 identified isomers ranged from 2417 to 16279 µg/kg with a median of 7675 µg/kg and with a dominance of 4-6 rings hydrocarbons (66% of total PAHs). Furthermore fluoranthene (Fla), pyrene (Pyr) and benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF) were the most abundant compounds in soil and the average of compounds such as benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DB(ah)A) were higher than MPC established by The Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (MHWS). The results of the MDRs method indicated that both pyrogenic and petrogenic sources are the origin of PAHs in the study area. Conclusion: The result of this study indicates the high impact of anthropogenic activities on the contamination of the study area with PAH compounds. Thus, appropriate soil remediation (especially bioremediation) approaches should be considered.
Soheil Sobhanardakani; Samireh Mahmodnezhad; Masoumeh Heydari
Abstract
Background & Objective: Heavy metals being among the major pollutants of aquatic ecosystems are considered as high-toxicity pollutants for organisms due to the non-biodegradable and persistent potential in the environment. Therefore, this study was carried out to analyse the presence of heavy metals ...
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Background & Objective: Heavy metals being among the major pollutants of aquatic ecosystems are considered as high-toxicity pollutants for organisms due to the non-biodegradable and persistent potential in the environment. Therefore, this study was carried out to analyse the presence of heavy metals (Zn, Cd, Cr and Cu) in water of Marivan River in 2013. Material & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, forty samples were taken from five selected stations during spring and summer seasons in 2013. After taken samples preparation, the concentrations of metal ions were investigated by spectrophotometry with three replications. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 19.0 statistical package (p<0/05). Results: The results showed that the mean concentrations of metals (µg/l) in water samples for spring season were equal to 26.20±11.34, 0.73±0.06, 1.50±0.11 and 121.10±14.05 for Zn, Cd, Cr and Cu, respectively and in water samples for summer season were equal to 27.10±24.72, 0.72±0.05, 1.50±0.16 and 123.80±31.27 for Zn, Cd, Cr and Cu, respectively. Also, the mean concentrations of the evaluated metals compared with WHO and Iran DOE permissible limits showed a significant difference (P<0.05). That is, the mean concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cr and Cu were significantly lower than the permissible limits in both spring and summer seasons. Conclusion: Although the water of Marivan River was not contaminated to heavy metals during the study period. But due to the establishment and development of industrial, urban and agricultural activities along the river and its uncontrolled discharges of wastewater into the river, pollution and decrease of water quality in the near future is not unexpected.
Soheil Sobhanardakani; Lobat Taghavi
Abstract
Background & Objective: Nowadays due to the environmental pollution, health risk of foodstuffs consumption especially citrus species as an integral part of human diet has become a serious challenge. Therefore, this study was carried out for analysis and health risk assessment of As and Zn in some ...
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Background & Objective: Nowadays due to the environmental pollution, health risk of foodstuffs consumption especially citrus species as an integral part of human diet has become a serious challenge. Therefore, this study was carried out for analysis and health risk assessment of As and Zn in some widely used citrus samples marketed in Hamedan city in 2015. Materials and Methods: In this analytical study, 48 samples of citrus species (orange, grapefruit, lemon and tangerine) were randomly collected from four wholesale centers of Hamedan city. After samples preparation using acid digestion method, the concentrations of elements in samples were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) in three replications. the gained experimental results were analyzed by SPSS 20 software using Shapiro-Wilk Test, One Sample T Test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient. Results:The results showed that the maximum mean concentration (mg/kg) of As and Zn were 0.09±0.07, and 0.26±0.09 for grapefruit and lemon samples respectively. Also the computed health risk assessment showed that there is no potential risk for children and adult to consume the studied citrus. Conclusion: Although based on the obtained results, controlled consumption of studied citrus species has not adverse effect on the consumers’ health, due to the increased use of agricultural inputs especially phosphorus fertilizers, sewage sludge and wastewater by farmers and orchardists, regular periodic monitoring of chemical pollutants such as pesticides and other toxic metals (Hg, Pb, Cd and Cr) content are recommended for food safety especially in imported foodstuffs.
Soheil Sobhanardakani; Bahareh Babaei
Abstract
Background & Objective: Toys are integral part of children’s developmental processes. Besides providing entertainment to children, toys also serve as educational materials for them. Chemical exposure to children, from toys, is an emerging concern. Therefore, quality control of toy is very important. ...
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Background & Objective: Toys are integral part of children’s developmental processes. Besides providing entertainment to children, toys also serve as educational materials for them. Chemical exposure to children, from toys, is an emerging concern. Therefore, quality control of toy is very important. The aim of this study was examined heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd and Cr) content within the plastic children’s toys marketed in Hamadan city in 2015.Materials and Methods: Totally 30 specimens of toy were collected from market basket of Hamadan City. After preparation and processing the samples in the laboratory, the concentration of metals in samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Also, all statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical package. Results: The results showed that the maximum mean concentrations of metals in domestic production and imported plastic toys were 6.20±5.41 and 7.58±2.12 mg/kg for Cr and Pb, respectively. Also the mean concentrations of metals in all samples were lower than Iranian National Standards Organization and European Commission permissible limits. Conclusion: Although the results showed that mean concentrations of metals in children’s toys were lower than ISIRI and CEN permissible limits, but as regards the chewing, licking and swallowing behavior of children is a common source of metals exposure, acting quickly by adopting policies to protect and educate consumers about the risks posed by plastic made toys needs a special attention which could help protect children’s lives especially in Iran.